Centrifugal separator



K. AND A. WRD. CNTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR. APPLICATION FILED IuNE II msnmDee.. 28,; 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I- Wa? 756C K. AND LL-WARD. CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR.APPLICATION FILED JUNE H, 1918.

Patented Dec. 28, 1920..

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

V different forms.

KARL waan am) ALBERT wann, or STOCKHOLM, swnnnu'.

CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

resented nee; es, ieee.

Application led .Tune 11, 1918. Serial No. 239,490.

To all 'whom t may concern.'

Be it known that we, KARL WRD and AL- BERT VVRD, subjects of the King ofSweden, residing at Sibykegatan 49, Stockholm, Sweden, and Styrmansgatan17, Stockholm, Sweden, have invented new and -useful Improvements inCentrifugal Separators, Of-` which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements of the centrifugal separators ofthe ty e described and illustrated in our U. S. atent No. 1098927 datedJune 2, 1914, with the v iew of making such separator more eifective.

The present invention relates to a centrifugal separator of thiskind,lbut so constructed that it in relation to its weight and themotive power required becomes more effective than those already known.

In the accompanying drawings such a centrifugal separator is illustratedin three The one of these forms ,is shown in a partial verticallongitudinal section on the line A-B (Figure 2) in Fig. 1 and in avertical transverse section on the lines C-D-E-F and G-F (Fig. 1) inFig. 2; Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section of a modiiied form ofthe centrifugal separator shown in Figs. l and 2, and the third form isillustrated in a vertical longitudinal section on the line L--M-N (Fig.5) in Fig. 4 and, in a vertical transverse section on the line H-K (Fig-4) in Fig. 5.

'Ihe centrifugal separator consists of a stationary, closed outercontainer 33, surrounding a rotating body 10, which contains a number ofseparating channels 12, formed by plates 73, dividing the iuid to beseparated in strata or laminas which are thin in the direction of theradius.

The fluid to be separated is introduced in the interspaces between theplates 73 not at their outer or inner ends but at a place between thesaid ends. The introduction of the iuid hereb `can take place eitherfrom the one end wail of the rotating body (Figs. 1-3) or from itsinterior (Figs. 4, 5). In the centrifugal separator illustrated in Figs.

1 and 2, the fluid to be-separated is introduced through a hollow shaft19, supporting the rotating body and is removed through a hollowextension 2() of the sald shaft. In the modified form, shown in Fie. 3,the' shaft is solid and extending through the separator, the iiud beingintroduced and removed through openings 191 and 201, surrounding theshaft.

When the fluid to be separated is not introduced into the separatingchannels from the interior of the rotating body but from the one endwall of it, it is necessary to arrange the centrifugal separator in sucha manner that the specific heavier and larger (coarser) particles areseparated before the proper tine separation, and for that reason theforms illustrated in Figs. 1-3 are more dierent from that shown in Figs.4, 5 than they are different in relation to'one another.

)Ve now shall describe the two forms iirst mentioned. In the outer partof the rotating body 10 the separating channels 12, formed by annularplates 73, are situated, although they do not occupy the wholecircumference of the rotating body in an axial direction but only thegreater part of it. That part of said circumference which is nearest tothe inlet end of the rotating body with the fore end wall 7 of therotating' body, while the last oneof the protecting rings suitably isformed in one piece with a conical ring, the supporting ring 6, which issupported and centered by the one 5 of two end walls 4, 5, connected bymeans of the ribs or walls 11. 'Ihe intermediate rings 74 are supportedand centered by means of the rings now described in any suitable manner.rIhe separating plates 73 as well as the supporting ring 6 and anothersupporting ring 3 for the plate 73, situated at the rear end wall 8 ofthe rotating body (Fig. 1% or at the end wall 4 mentioned above 4ig. 3)are provided with openings 76 Fig. 2), surrounding axial outwardly opengutters 77 for the introduction of the fluid to be separated. rIhe inletend of these-gutters communicates with an annular space (the coarseseparating zone) 14a surrounded by the separating rings 74. From thisspace the fluid is brought by the gutters to the separatin channelsbetween the separating plates 3. In place of these gutters tubes ofcourse may be used, which are provided with openings in their outwardpart. Inside the inner edge of the separating plates 73 a filteringlayer may be placed, for the purpose of, when required, still morepurifying the fluid to be separated from very fine or very lightparticles, which cannot be removed by the Centrifugal process.

The apparatus now described operates essentially in the same manner whensolid particles are to be separated from liquids, gases, or vapors, orwhen liquid particles (for instance water or alcohol) are to beseparated from gases or vapors. It may for that reason be sufficient todescribe in the following the use of the apparatus for separating fromwater solid particles of a greater specific gravity than that of theAwater itself, for instance mineral grains, coal powder orcellulose-fibers.

The apparatus illustrated'in Figs.v 1-3 in such a case operates in thefollowing manner:

The-fixed container 33 and the rotating body 10 with its channels, inletand outlets (the shafts 19, 20, Fig. 1, or the corresponding parts 191,201, Fig. 3) are filled with preferably pure water so that no more airis contained in the apparatus, especially in the rotating body 10,whereupon the rotating body is brought into rotation. The water,containing the solid particles, is now introduced through the shaft 19(Fig. 1) or through the inlet 191 (Fig. 3) by means of a pump or from a'higher vsituated tank, whereby it flows in the direction marked with thearrows through the said shaft or inlet and the channels 18 (Fig. 2) inthe end wall of the rotating body to the space 14a, inside the rings 74(the coarse separating zone), where the coarser or specific heaviersolid articles are separated and by the action of the centrifugal forcethrown out in the container 33 through the openings 75 between therings. `The water hereby cannot accompany these particles because thewater in the container 33 possesses a certain over-pressure imparted toit by the centrifugal force, the extent of which overpressure isdependent upon the outer diameter and the rapidity of rotation of therotating body 10. The fiuid, thus Vpurified from coarser or heavierparticles,

flows through the gutters 77 in the longitudinal direction of therotating body to the fine separating zone 1411, Aformed by theseparating platesl73 and enters the interspaces 12 between these plates,where an effective purification of the water from residual'solidparticles takes place. The solid particles here move outward to thecontainer a corresponding volume of water and solid particles isintroduced through the coarseand the fineseparating zones.

If the apparatus is used for the purificai tion of a gaseous fluid, thatfluid is introduced by means of a pressure or suction fan connected tothe inlet or outlet of the appa ratus, or by some other suitable means.If the fiuid is introduced into the separating zone from the interior ofthe rotating body (as in the apparatus illustrated in Figs. 4, 5) andnot from its one end as in Figs. 1-3, no coarse-separating zone and norings 74 are required, but the whole outer part of the rotating body 10is formed 4of the plates 73 and their interspaces 12, forming together aseparating-zone. In such a case the fluid is introduced into theinterior of the separating channels 12 between these plates 73 by meansof a device, illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5. For the gutters 77 in theapparatus illustrated in Figs. -1-3 a number of extended, flattenedmouth pieces 17 is used which are situated in the central part of therotating body' and project either from the hollow shaft 19 (which inthis case is extended through the rotating body) or (if this shaft issolid) from a tube,si urounding the shaft and connectedto the inlet of'the apparatus. The interior 181 of these mouth pieces opens between theplates 73 at a distance from their inner edge, which is provided withnotches 761 of such a size that they embrace the corresponding ends ofthe mouth pieces (Fig. 5). The channels 181 conduct the fluid to beseparated directly to the interior of all the interspaces 12 (theseparating channels) between the separating plates 73, so that the saidfluid does not need to pass over the inner edges of the plates. Theparticles separated from the fluid "are stored in the outer stationarycontainer 33, while the fiuid purified in the separating channels flowsinward from these channels to the interspaces 161 between the mouthpieces 17 and further throughn openings 21 in the endwall 81 of therotating body as Well as through channels 22 connected with theseopenings, to the hollow discharge shaft 20 (Fig.4).

The separating channels are supported and centered by the outer ends ofthe mouth Lacasse that shaft also may be solid and arranged as' is shownin Fig. 3 in. which case the apparatus is especially suitable forpurification of gaseous fluid, while the apparatus with the hollow shaftis especially suitable for the purification of liquids, containing solidparticles. The apparatus according to Figs. 4 and 5, if used forpurifying of a fluid from solidp'articles, seems, however, tobeespecially suitable for separating very small such particles or suchparticles of little hardness,

which do not considerably wear the separat! ing plates.

The invention affords the advantage that the protection rings used inthe usual centrifugal separators of this kind and which do not directlywork as separating means can be totally or partly dispensed with becausethe outer parts of the separating plates l73 themselves prevent theformation of rotatory motions in the fluid injurious to the separation.The separation produced by this apparatus, moreover, becomes morecomplete and the effect greater, which partly depends I thereupon thatthe outer ends of the separating channels can be placed at a greaterdistance from the axis of rotation than if the said ends are surroundedby protection rings, which occupy part of the space surrounding the saidchannels.

Havingnow particularly described the nature of our invention and themanner of its operation, what we claim is:

1.' A centrifugal separator, comprising a closed container, a memberrotatablel in said container, frusto-conical blades carried by 'saidmember and formed with alined openings, gutters in said openings, andmeans for introducing a uid into'said gutters.

2. A centrifugal separator comprising a closed container, a memberrotatable in said container, frusto-conical blades carried by saidmember and formed with alined openings, gutters in said openings, meansfor introducing a fluid into said gutters, and protecting rings carriedby said member and coacting with said blades.

i 3. A centrifugal separator comprising a l closed. container, a memberrotatable in said container, frusto-conical blades carried by saidmember and formed with alined openings, longitudinally extending guttersintermediate the outer and inner edges of said plates, said guttersbeing arranged at intervals and facing outwardly, and means forintroducing a fluid. into said gutters.

4t. A centrifugal separator comprising a stationary closed container, amember rotatable in said container, frusto-conical blades carried bysaid member and formed with alined openings at their inner. ends, andmeans for introducing a fluid into said openings at a place situatedbetween the outer and inner edges of the blades.

5. A centrifugal separator comprising a stationary closed container, amember rotatable in said container, frusto-conical blades spaced apartand carried by said member and radially disposed mouthpieces within saidblades opening at a place situated between the outer and inner edges ofthe blades.

In testimony whereof we have signed our p names to this specification.

KARL VVRD. 'ALBERT WARD.

